AdAge Encyclopedia of Advertising

Ohrbach's

Ohrbach's, a bargain fashion store with branches in New York, New Jersey and California, achieved a national reputation in the 1940s and '50s for its low-priced, high-quality copies of French couture designs.

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Motion Pictures, TV and Literature, Representations of Advertising in

The business of advertising—as opposed to the advertising itself—is by nature discreet and prefers to function out of public view.

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Census

A census is a periodic governmental enumeration of a population.

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MTV, Influence of

Since MTV was first introduced in 1980, it has had a significant impact on advertising.

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Havas

Havas Advertising traces its roots to 1835, when former shipping magnate Charles-Louis Havas created the world's first press agency, Agence Havas, and set out to become the principal supplier of foreign news to the burgeoning French media.

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American Advertising Federation

The American Advertising Federation is a nationwide association of ad professionals and local advertising clubs.

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Abbott Mead Vickers/BBDO

Formed two years after David Abbott joined Peter Mead and Adrian Vickers at London-based Mead Davies & Vickers, 1979; sold a minority share to BBDO Worldwide, 1991; acquired by BBDO and renamed Abbott Mead Vickers/BBDO, 1998.

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Absolut Vodka

In 1977 Lars Lindmark, then CEO of Sweden's Wine & Spirits Corp., decided that the state-owned liquor monopoly should make a bid for the export market.

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Account Planning

Account planning is an approach for generating consumer insights that aid in the development of strategy and tactics and in evaluating communications campaigns.

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ACNielsen Corp.

A.C. Nielsen Co. was founded in 1923 by Arthur Charles Nielsen to monitor and measure the performance of production processes and equipment for industrial manufacturing companies.

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Ad Council

The Ad Council was founded in 1942 by members of the Association of National Advertisers and the American Association of Advertising Agencies as an independent, non-profit organization that uses advertising to encourage individual action on important social issues.

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Advocacy Advertising

Advocacy advertising is concerned with the propagation of ideas and the elucidation of controversial social issues that are deemed important in public policy terms.

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African-Americans: Representations in Advertising

Images of African-Americans in advertising were derived initially from very early product packaging, much of it European.

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Age: Representations in Advertising

Over time, advertising experts have come to realize that age groups are invaluable demographics (or market segments) because sophisticated research methods, such as focus groups, allow advertisers to create messages designed to appeal to the wants and needs of specific age groups.

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Agulla & Baccetti

Founded by Ramiro Agulla and Carlos Baccetti, 1994; won Topper footwear account, 1995.

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American Home Products Corp.

American Home Products opened in 1926 when a group of managers from Sterling Products and Household Products combined their resources to buy small companies as cheaply as possible.

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Airlines, U.S.

Interest in commercial aviation burgeoned following World War I. Charles Lindbergh became the "poster child" for passenger air service after his May 1927 flight across the Atlantic Ocean to France, and he went on to help start what would become Trans World Airlines.

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Alka-Seltzer

Alka-Seltzer was introduced by Miles Laboratories in 1931 in newspaper ads and radio spots via Wade Advertising in cities near the marketer's Elkhart, Ind., headquarters.

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Carl Ally Inc.

Founded by Carl Ally, 1962; renamed Ally & Gargano, 1977; went public, 1983.

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Almap/BBDO

Created by Caio de Alcantara Machado as Alcantara Machado Publicidade Ltda., or Almap, in São Paulo, Brazil, 1954.

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