Even before the coronavirus pandemic, American businesses were dealing with a diversity problem, struggling to hire and retain talent from underrepresented groups. Agencies and brands, hurt by the downturn in spending across the economy, are in danger of losing the gains they’ve made. Many companies have frozen new hires, promotions and raises—the very tools they rely on to promote diversity. And nearly 40 million Americans have lost jobs or income, with women and people of color disproportionately affected by layoffs, furloughs and salary cuts.